Syllabus Edition
First teaching 2015
Last exams 2025
Comparing Biodiversity Conservation Approaches
Written by: Alistair Marjot
Reviewed by: Bridgette Barrett
Comparing Conservation Approaches
The various approaches to protecting biodiversity have different sets of strengths and limitations associated with them
Community support, adequate funding and proper research influence the success of each of the conservation approaches evaluated below
Comparing Conservation Approaches
Conservation Approach | Strengths | Limitations |
Protected Areas | -Provides direct protection to habitats and species -Promotes ecotourism and research opportunities -Can aid in restoration and ecological rehabilitation efforts -May offer ecosystem services to surrounding areas | -Limited land availability -May require displacing indigenous populations -Limited enforcement of regulations -Can be subject to illegal poaching and logging -Can be expensive to manage and maintain |
CITES | -Regulates international trade of endangered species -Provides a framework for international cooperation -Protects biodiversity by preventing overexploitation -Supports sustainable use of resources | -Difficult to enforce and monitor trade in remote areas -Can be resource-intensive to implement -Some countries may not prioritise enforcement (or may not have the resources to do so) -Does not address habitat loss or other threats to species |
Zoos | -Can serve as a last resort for critically endangered species -Can raise awareness and educate the public -Allow for research and educational opportunities -Can provide a safe and controlled environment for breeding | -Limited genetic diversity due to small population size -Animals may experience stress and health issues in captivity -Some species may not be suitable for captive breeding -Limited capacity for large, wide-ranging species -Can be expensive to maintain and operate |
Captive Breeding and Reintroduction programs | -Can increase the population size of endangered species -Can aid in the restoration of ecosystems and food webs -Can increase genetic diversity in populations -Can serve as a way to study species' behaviour | -May not address underlying threats to species -High costs associated with breeding and reintroduction (e.g. transporting species large distances) -Success may depend on habitat availability and quality |
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